A component of additive manufacturing (AM), which has transformed the industrial sector by producing complex and specialized parts, is metal 3D printing. As it advances in future it is crucial to know and gain knowledge on understanding the various methods and challenges associated with metal 3D printing. This review paper aims to provide a brief review on the various methods used in metal 3D printing along with the challenges faced during the process. The many techniques include the Power Bed Fusion (PBF) process, which uses selective laser melting (SLM) and electron beam melting (EBM), in addition to Directed Energy depositing techniques, which use laser metal deposition (LMD) and electron beam freeform fabrication (EBFF). Furthermore, the paper addresses the challenges encountered during metal 3D printing from material selection to post-processing. This review provides valuable insights and knowledge to researchers, engineers and industry professionals with the knowledge and valuable insights to advance the field further. It enables the realization of its full potential in different industries including aerospace, automotive, and healthcare.

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