This study endeavors to conduct an investigation into the repercussions arising from the introduction of SiC (Silicon carbide) nanoparticles into the stir zone of AZ31B magnesium alloy within the context of the friction welding procedure. The study employed two sets of sample specimens for experimentation. The first set, denoted as the control group, comprised 20 samples of AZ31B magnesium alloy joined using the friction stir welding (FSW) technique. The second set, known as the experimental group, consisted of 20 samples of AZ31B-SiC composite also joined using the FSW technique. The G-power analysis was employed with a power of 80% and α = 0.05 to calculate the sample size, resulting in a total sample size of 40. The analysis demonstrated that the FSW process applied to the AZ31B-SiC composite resulted in a tensile strength of 220.12 MPa, while the AZ31B alloy exhibited a tensile strength of 166.23 MPa. The observed outcomes exhibited a statistically significant distinction between the two groups, as indicated by a p-value of 0.01 (p < 0.05). The addition of novel SiC nanoparticles to the stir zone of AZ31B magnesium alloy during friction welding significantly enhances the properties of the joint. The lubrication effect of the nanoparticles reduces friction and heat generation during the welding process, while the reinforcement effect leads to increased strength and toughness of the joint. Additionally, the presence of SiC nanoparticles improves the joint’s resistance to wear and corrosion. Collectively, the findings accentuate the prospective efficacy of SiC nanoparticle reinforcement in enhancing the mechanical properties of friction stir-welded AZ31B magnesium alloy, thus positioning it as a promising and viable approach for diverse engineering applications.

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